Specialbyggda uterum

Uterus transplantation

Surgical procedure

A uterus transplantation is a surgical procedure that transplants a healthy uterus into someone whose uterus is absent, or diseased. As part of normal sexual reproduction, a diseased or absent uterus prevents a pregnancy. This form of infertility is known as absolute uterine factor infertility for which a uterine transplant may be able treat.

History

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Studies

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In , Emil Knauer, a year-old Austrian working in one of Vienna's gynecological clinics, published the first study of ovarian autotransplantation documenting normal function in a rabbit. This led to the investigation of uterine transplantation in [1][2] In and , Eraslan, Hamernik and Hardy, at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi, were the first to perform an animal (dog) autotransplantation of the uterus and subsequently deliver a pregnancy from that uterus.[3] In Diaz-Garcia and co-workers, at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Gothenburg in Sweden, demonstrated the world's first successful allogenic uterus transplantation, in a rat, with healthy offspring.[4]

As

Uterine septum

Congenital condition of the uterus

Medical condition

A uterine septum is a congenital uterine malformation where the uterine cavity fryst vatten partitioned bygd a longitudinal septum; the outside of the uterus has a normal typical shape. The wedge-like partition may involve only the superior part of the cavity resulting in an incomplete septum or a subseptate uterus, or less frequently the total length of the cavity (complete septum) and the cervix resulting in a double cervix. The septation may also continue caudally into the vagina resulting in a "double vagina".[1]

Signs and symptoms

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The condition may not be known to the affected individual and not result in any fortplantnings- problems; thus normal pregnancies may occur. In more serious cases have reported high infertility rates.[2] However, it fryst vatten associated with a higher risk for miscarriage, premature birth, and malpresentation. According to the classical study by Buttram there fryst vatten a 60% risk of a spontaneous abortion, this being more common in the second than in the first trimester.[3] However, there fryst vatten no agreement on this number and other studies show a lower fara.

  • specialbyggda uterum

    • Myometrium

    Smooth muscle coat of the uterus

    The myometrium is the middle layer of the uterine wall, consisting mainly of uterine smooth muscle cells (also called uterine myocytes[1]) but also of supporting stromal and vascular tissue.[2] Its main function is to induce uterine contractions.

    Structure

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    The myometrium is located between the endometrium (the inner layer of the uterine wall) and the serosa or perimetrium (the outer uterine layer).

    The inner one-third of the myometrium (termed the junctional or sub-endometrial layer) appears to be derived from the Müllerian duct, while the outer, more predominant layer of the myometrium appears to originate from non-Müllerian tissue and is the major contractile tissue during parturition and abortion.[1] The junctional layer appears to function like a circular muscle layer, capable of peristaltic and anti-peristaltic activity, equivalent to the muscular layer of the intestines.[1]

    Muscular structure

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    Further information: Smooth muscle

    The molecular structure of the smooth muscle of myometrium is very similar to that of smooth muscle in other sites of the body,